Yankho: Popeza masamba a tiyi amene angotengedwa kumene amakhala ndi chinyontho chochuluka komanso fungo la udzu ndi lolemera, ayenera kuikidwa m’chipinda chozizira komanso cholowera mpweya kuti afote.Madzi a masamba a tiyi atsopano amachepetsedwa, masambawo amakhala ofewa, ndipo kukoma kwaudzu kumatha.Kununkhira kwa tiyi kunayamba kuwonekera, zomwe zinali zopindulitsa pakukonza kotsatira, monga kukonza, kugudubuza, fermenting, ndi zina zotero, mtundu, kukoma, maonekedwe, ndi khalidwe la tiyi wopangidwa bwino kuposa tiyi wosafota.
Yankho: Gawo lokonzekerali limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga tiyi wosiyanasiyana wosatupitsa kapena wothira pang'ono.Ntchito ya ma enzyme m'masamba atsopano imachepetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, ndipo tiyi ya polyphenols mumasamba atsopano imayimitsidwa ku fermentation ya okosijeni.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, fungo la udzu limachotsedwa, ndipo fungo la tiyi limakondwera.Ndipo madzi m'masamba atsopano amasanduka nthunzi, kupangitsa masamba atsopano kukhala ofewa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kugubuduza kotsatira, ndipo tiyi sizovuta kuswa.Pambuyo pa kukonza tiyi wobiriwira, imayenera kuziziritsidwa kuti tichepetse kutentha kwa tiyi ndikutulutsa chinyontho kuteteza chinyezi chapamwamba kuti chisatseke tiyi.
A: Masamba a tiyi osiyanasiyana amakhala ndi nthawi zopindika zosiyanasiyana komanso ntchito zogubuduza zosiyanasiyana.
Kwa tiyi wakuda: Tiyi wakuda ndi tiyi wothira mokwanira yemwe amafunikira kusintha kwamankhwala pakati pa ma enzyme, ma tannins ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili mumlengalenga ndi okosijeni mumlengalenga.Komabe, nthawi zambiri, zinthu izi mu cell khoma ndi zovuta kuchita ndi mpweya.kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito makina okhotakhota kupotoza ndi kuswa khungu khoma la masamba atsopano, kupanga selo madzimadzi kutuluka.Zinthu izi mu masamba mwatsopano kukhudzana kwathunthu ndi mpweya kwa okosijeni nayonso mphamvu.Mlingo wa kupotoza zimatsimikizira zosiyanasiyana msuzi mtundu ndi kukoma wakuda tiyi.
Kwa tiyi wobiriwira: Tiyi wobiriwira ndi tiyi wopanda chotupitsa.Pambuyo kukonza, kuyatsa kwa okosijeni mkati mwa tiyi kudayima kale.Chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri pakugudubuza ndikupeza mawonekedwe a tiyi.Choncho nthawi yopukutira ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa tiyi wakuda.Mukagubuduza mu mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna, mutha kuyimitsa ntchitoyo ndikupitilira sitepe yotsatira.
Kwa tiyi wa oolong, tiyi wa oolong ndi tiyi wa semi-fermented.Popeza wayamba kufota ndi kugwedezeka, tiyi wina wayamba kufufuma.Komabe, pambuyo fixation, tiyi wasiya nayonso mphamvu, kotero anagubuduza kwambiri i
ntchito yofunika kwa tiyi oolong.Ntchitoyi ndi yofanana ndi tiyi wobiriwira, ndi mawonekedwe.Mutatha kugubuduza mu mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna, mutha kusiya kugudubuza ndikupita ku sitepe yotsatira.
Tiyi wakuda ndi wa tiyi wothira kwathunthu.Fermentation ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga.Fermentation ndi kupanga kukoma kwa udzu mu tiyi kutha.Zinthu zamkati za tiyi wakuda zimalumikizana kwathunthu ndi mpweya.Ma polyphenols amafufuzidwa ndikupangidwa ndi okosijeni kupanga zinthu monga theaflavin ndi melanin, ndikupanga tiyi wakuda kutulutsa fungo lapadera.Nthawi yabwino, nthawi nayonso mphamvu ya tiyi wakuda sikuyenera kukhala yayitali.Chifukwa pa kuyanika, panthawi yowonjezereka kutentha, masamba a tiyi adzapitiriza kupesa.
Kwa tiyi wobiriwira: Kuyanika kwa tiyi wobiriwira nthawi zambiri kumatulutsa madzi mu tiyi, kuti tiyi ikhale yolimba komanso yowoneka bwino, ndipo imakhala yophatikizika.Amatulutsa fungo la udzu wa tiyi ndikuwonjezera kukoma kwa tiyi wobiriwira.
Kwa tiyi wakuda: Chifukwa tiyi wakuda akadali mu fermentation ndondomeko asanaunike.Chifukwa chake, kwa tiyi wakuda, choyamba, madzi a tiyi amasanduka nthunzi, ndiyeno ntchito ya enzyme imawonongeka ndi kutentha kwambiri, kotero kuti tiyiyi imasiya kuyaka kwa okosijeni, ndipo mtundu wa tiyi wakuda umasungidwa.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, fungo la udzu limatulutsidwa, ndipo masamba a tiyi amapangidwa.Tiyi ndi yokongola komanso yonunkhira kwambiri
Pakukonza tiyi, n'zosapeŵeka kuti tiyi idzasweka.Pambuyo kuyanika, kukula kwa tiyi kudzakhalanso kosiyana.Kupyolera mu kufufuza, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiyi yokhala ndi kukula kwake ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana imasankhidwa.Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a tiyi amatha kuyikidwa ndikugulitsidwa pamitengo yosiyana.
Kugwedezeka ndi kufota ndi gawo la kuwira.Panthawi yofota, masambawo amakhala bata ndipo madzi ambiri amachoka pamasamba, ndipo madzi a m'masamba amasamba sadzatayika.Zomwe zidzapangitse kuwawa kwa masamba a tiyi ndizolimba kwambiri ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri tiyi wa oolong.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwedeza.Kupyolera mu kugwedeza, ntchito ya masamba imakulitsidwa.Madzi a mu tsinde la masamba akupitiriza kutumizidwa ku masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masambawo asungunukenso madzi.Kununkhira kwa udzu mu tiyi kumatsitsidwa, kotero kuti kukoma kwa tiyi womalizidwa wa oolong sikowawa kwambiri, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri tiyi wa oolong.
Njira ya tiyi yoyera ndi yophweka kwambiri, imangofunika kufota ndi kuuma (nthawi zina sikofunikira kuti iume).Komabe, si masamba onse atsopano omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga tiyi woyera.Kuti apange tiyi woyera, choyamba, payenera kukhala fluff yambiri kumbuyo kwa masamba atsopano, ndipo masamba a masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka.Tiyi yoyera yopangidwa idzafalikira ponseponse pamtundu woyera, ndipo idzakhala yooneka ngati singano, yokongola. ndi onunkhira.Ngati amapangidwa ndi masamba wamba atsopano, fluff ndi ochepa, ndipo masamba ake ndi akulu, ndiye kuti tiyi woyera wopangidwa amakhala ngati masamba owuma, opanda fluff oyera, akuwonetsa chikasu chobiriwira.Osati kokha wonyansa, komanso amakoma ngati masamba ovunda ndipo ndi opanda khalidwe.
Popeza China ndi komwe tiyi idabadwira, kalekale, panali Silk Road ndi Tea Horse Road kuti achite malonda a tiyi.
Komabe, chifukwa tiyi yokha ndi yotayirira kwambiri komanso yochuluka, zoyendetsa zazikulu zimafuna malo ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wa tiyi ukhale wokwera kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, nzeru za anthu akale zidapanga makeke a tiyi.Makeke wamba ndi magalamu 100, 200 magalamu, ndi 357 magalamu.357 magalamu a makeke a tiyi ndi makeke ambiri a tiyi.Nthawi zambiri makeke 7 a tiyi amanyamula pamodzi ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 2.5 kg., Choncho amatchedwanso Qizi keke tiyi.
Sikuti tiyi onse ndi oyenera kupanga makeke a tiyi.Matiyi omwe amapanga makeke a tiyi amakhala tiyi wa Pu'er, tiyi wakuda, tiyi woyera, ndi tiyi zina zomwe zimatha kusungidwa kapena kufufumitsa.Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mayendedwe kalelo, tiyi okhawo omwe amatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, monga tiyi wa Pu'er ndi tiyi wakuda, ndiwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga makeke a tiyi.Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, tiyi wobiriwira sangathe kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, choncho sangapangidwe kukhala keke ya tiyi.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kupanga makeke a tiyi kumafuna nthunzi yotentha kwambiri kuti mufewetse masamba a tiyi, zomwe zingawononge kukoma kwa tiyi wa oolong ndi tiyi wobiriwira, kotero kuti tiyi wobiriwira wa oolong sapangidwa kawirikawiri kukhala makeke a tiyi.
Nthawi zambiri, chinyezi chamasamba ambiri atsopano chimakhala pakati pa 75% -80%, ndipo chinyontho cha tiyi womalizidwa chimakhala pakati pa 3% -5%.Kuti mupeze 1 kg ya tiyi yomalizidwa, muyenera pafupifupi 4 kg ya masamba atsopano.